First-cycle voltage hysteresis in Li-rich 3d cathodes associated with molecular O2 trapped in the bulk

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Nature Energy

Li-rich cathode materials are potential candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries. However, they exhibit a large voltage hysteresis on the first charge/discharge cycle, which involves a substantial (up to 1 V) loss of voltage and therefore energy density. For Na cathodes, for example Na0.75[Li0.25Mn0.75]O2.

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Nature Energy